Imyambaro muri Islam

Imyambaro yose y’umwemera igomba kuba ari myiza isukuye cyane cyane igihe agiye mu bantu ndetse n’igihe agiye gusenga, nk’uko Imana yabivuze igira iti “Yemwe bene Adamu! Mujye murimba buri uko mugiye gusenga” Surat Al A’araf: 31.

Imana yategetse abantu kwambara neza no kugaragara neza kuko ibyo bibarwa mu kuganira inema z’Imana, Imana yaravuze iti “Vuga (yewe Muhamadi) uti "Ni nde waziririje imyambaro myiza n’amafunguro meza Allah yashyiriyeho abagaragu be?” Vuga uti "Ibyo, mu buzima bwa hano ku isi, bigenewe abemeye (bakaba babihuriyeho n’abatemera), ariko bikaba umwihariko (ku bemera) ku munsi w’imperuka". Uko ni ko dusobanura amagambo (yacu) ku bantu bafite ubumenyi” Surat Al A’araf: 32.

Imyambaro ituma umuntu agera ku inyungu nyinshi.

Kwambara neza ni ibintu bitandukanye:

  1. Ni imyambaro ihisha ukugaragara kw’ibihimba runaka by’umubiri w’umuntu bijyanye no kwiyubaha kwa kamere y’abantu, nk’uko Imana yabivuze igira iti “Yemwe bene Adamu! Mu by’ukuri, twabahaye umwambaro uhishira ubwambure bwanyu” Surat Al A’araf: 26.
  2. Ni imyambaro irinda umubiri w’umuntu imbeho n’icyokere ndetse ikamurinda n’ibibi, imbeho n’icyokere biterwa n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere, naho ibibi, biterwa no guhohotera umubiri w’umuntu, Imana mukugaragaza imyambaro yaravuze iti “Allah yanabashyiriye ibicucucucu mu byo yaremye (ibiti, amazu, ibicu...), abashyirira ubuvumo mu misozi, abaha imyambaro ibarinda ubushyuhe (n’imbeho) ndetse n’imyambaro (ingabo) ibarinda (ibikomere) mu ntambara. Uko ni ko (Allah) abasenderezaho ingabire ze, kugira ngo muce bugufi (ku mategeko ye)” Surat A Nahalu: 81.

Islam ni idini ijyana na kamere, ntabwo yigeze itegeka abantu mu bireba ubuzima bwabo usibye ibijyanye na kamere nzima binyuze ubwenge bw’abantu muri rusange.

Icy’ingenzi mu myambaro y’umuyislamu no kurimba kwe ni uko byemewe:

Islam ntabwo yashyiriyeho abantu imyambaro runaka bagomba kwambara, ahubwo amategeko yayo yemeye buri mwambaro igihe cyose uwo mwambaro akora igikenewe muriwo nta kurengera no gukabya.

N’intumwa Muhamadi yambaye imyambaro yambarwaga mu gihe cye, ntiyigeze ategeka kwambara imyambaro runaka nta niyo yigeze abuza, ahubwo yabujije imiterere y’imyambaro runaka, mu ntangiriro itegeko ry’imikoranire harimo ni imyambaro ni uko yemewe nta igomba kuziririzwa bidashingiye kuri gihamya, ibi bikaba binyuranye n’amasengesho intangiriro yayo iba yarakomotse ku Mana n’intumwa yayo, nta tegeko rero ribaho muri Islam nta nyangiko.

Intumwa Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yaravuze ati “Ni murye kandi mutange isadaka, kandi mwambare nta gusesagura cyangwa kwibona” Yakiriwe na Nasaiy: 2559.

Islam ntabwo yagennye imyambaro runaka igomba kwambarwa, ibyiza ni uko umuntu yakwambara imyambaro yambarwa mu gihugu cye mu myambaro yemewe usibye gusa iyarobanuwemo.

Imyambaro iziririjwe:

    1. Imyambaro yerekana ubwambure: Ni ngombwa kuri buri Muyislamu guhisha ubwambure bwe akoresheje imyambaro, nk’uko Imana yabivuze igira iti “Mu by’ukuri, twabahaye umwambaro uhishira ubwambure bwanyu” Surat Al A’araf: 26. Islam yemeje guhisha ubwambure aho bigomba guhera n’aho bigarukira ku bagabo no ku abagore, ubwambure bw’umugabo ni uguhera hejuru y’umukondo kugeza munsi y’amavi, naho ubwambure bw’umugore ku bagabo adafite icyo apfana nabo, ni umubiri we wose usibye uburanga n’ibiganza bibiri. Ntabwo byemewe guhisha ubwambure ukoresheje imyambaro ikwegereye cyane igaragaza ibice by’umubiri, cyangwa ibonerana igaragaza umubiri, no kubera iyo mpamvu Imana yasezeranyije ibibi umuntu wambara imyambaro igaragaza ubwambure bwe, intumwa Muhamadi yaravuze ati “Abantu b’ubwoko bubiri ni abantu bo mu muriro” avugamo “N’abagore bambaye kandi batambaye”. 
    2. Imyambaro igaragara ko yakwambarwa n’ibitsina byombi: Isanisha umugabo n’umugore, yambaye imyambaro y’umwihariko w’abagore, cyangwa igasanisha abagore nk’akagabo, iyo myambaro yaraziririjwe kandi ni icyaha gikuru kuyambara, hakinjiramo no kwisanisha mu mvugo, ukugenda n’ibindi. Intumwa Muhamadi yavumye umugabo wambara imyambaro y’abagore n’umugore wambara imyambaro y’abagabo” Yakiriwe na Abu Daudi: 4098. (Kuvuma) bisobanuye kwirukanwa mu mpuhwe z’Imana, Islam ikaba yarashatse ko kamere y’umugabo n’uburyo agaragara biba byihariye, ni nk’uko Islam yashatse ko umugore agira ibimuranga yihariye, kuko aribyo bijyanye na kamere nzima kandi binyuze ubwenge.

Kirazira kwambara imyambaro igusanisha n’abahakanyi, cyangwa iriho ibirango by’idini ritari Islam.

    1. Imyambaro isanisha umuyislamu n’abahakanyi: Ikaba ari imyambaro yabo bwite, nk’imyambaro y’abapadiri n’abapfumu no kwambara imisaraba n’iriho ikirango cy’idini runaka, iyo myambaro yaraziririjwe kuyambara, intumwa Muhamadi yaravuze iti “Uzisanisha n’abantu abo aribo bose uwo azaba muri bo” Yakiriwe na Abu Dauda. Mu kwisanisha mu myambaro kandi hinjiramo, kwambara ibiranga amadini ndetse n’amatorero yayobye, kwisanisha nabo bigaragaza kuba imico iri hasi cyane n’umuntu kuba atizera ukuri arimo.  Ntabwo umuntu kwambara impambaro yamamaye mu gihugu cye ari ukwisanisha n’ubwo yaba yambarwa na benshi mu bahakanyi, kuko intumwa Muhamadi yajyaga yambara nk’ibyo ababangikanyamana b’abakurayishi bambaraga, usibye ibyaziririjwe muri yo. 
    2. Imyambaro ijyana no kwibona ndetse no kwiyemera, intumwa Muhamadi yaravuze ati “Ntabwo azinjira mu ijuru umuntu wese ufite mu mutima we kwibona niyo kwaba kungana n’impeke y’ururo” Yakiriwe na Muslim: 91. No kubera iyo mpamvu Islam yabujije abagabo imyambaro ikururuka hasi no kwambara irenze ku tubumbankore mu gihe ibyo byatuma umuntu yirata cyangwa yibona, intumwa Muhamadi yaravuze iti “Uzambara imyambaro ikurura hasi, Imana ntizamureba ku munsi w’imperuka” Yakiriwe na Bukhariy: 3465. Na Muslim: 2085. Islam kandi yabujije kwambara imyambaro yamamaye cyane, ariyo myambaro umuntu yambara abantu bakamutangarira bakanamuvuga cyane bityo bigatuma amenyekana kubera iyo myambaro, kubera ko iyo myambaro iba iteye ukwayo cyangwa se iba iteye ishozi abantu bitewe nuko imeze cyangwa ibara ryayo, cyangwa kuba itera uyambaye kugira ukwibona, intumwa Muhamadi yaravuze iti “Umuntu uzambara imyambaro yamamaye ku isi, Imana izamwambika umwambaro w’igisuzuguriro ku munsi w’imperuka” Yakiriwe na Ahmad: 5664. Na Ibun Majah: 3607.

Gusesagura mu kwambara byaraziririjwe, ariko binyurana hakurikijwe ibyo buri wese yinjiza n’ibyo asabwa.

  1. Imyambaro iriho Zahabu cyangwa ikaba ari Hariri ya kamere y’umwihariko w’abagabo, iyo ngiyo Islam yarayiziririje ku bagabo, nk’uko intumwa Muhamadi yavuze kuri Zahabu na Hariri igira iti “Mu by’ukuri, ibi bintu bibiri ni ikizira ku bagabo bo mu bantu banjye, bikaba biziruye ku bagore babo” Yakiriwe na Ibun Majah: 3595. Na Abu Daudi: 4057. Ihariri yaziririjwe ku bagabo: Ni ihariri ya kamere ikomoka mu mabweja.
  2. Imyambaro irimo gusesagura no konona: intumwa Muhamadi yaravuze iti “Murye kandi mutange isadaka munambare, nta gusesagura cyangwa kwiyemera” Yakiriwe na Nasaiy: 2559. Ibi ariko bitandukana yashingiwe kugutandukana kw’ibihe, umukire agomba kugura imyambaro, umukene atabasha kugura hashingiwe kubutunzi afite ndetse n’ibyo yinjiza, umwenda umwe w’umukungu ushabora kuba k’umukene ari ugusesagura ariko ku mukire atari ugusesagura.