Uko isengesho rikorwa

  1. Kugira umugambi: Umugambi ni ikintu cya ngombwa kugira ngo iswala itungane, bisobanuye ko umuntu agomba kugambirira ku mutima we kugandukira Imana akora isengesho, azi neza ko iswala agiye gusenga ari Magharib cyangwa Al Ishau, ntabwo ari itegeko kwatura umugambi ahubwo igikenewe ni ukugambirira ku mutima no mu mbwenge gusa, naho kubyatura ni ikosa kuko bitigeze bikorwa ni ntumwa Muhamadi ndetse n’abasangirangendo.
  2. Umuntu agomba guhagarara igihe agiye gukora iswala, akavuga ati (Allahu Ak’bar) akazamura amaboko akayageza hafi y’intugu cyangwa hejuru inda y’ibiganza bye ikaba yerekeye Qiblat.

Ntabwo Takibira yemerwa itavuzwe muri ubu buryo (Allahu Akibar), bisobanuye ngo ubuhambare n’ikuzo ni iby’Imana, Imana iri hejuru kuruta ibindi bitari yo, iri hejuru kuruta isi n’ibiyiriho mu bishimishije n’ibiryoshye, ibyo byose tugomba kubita iruhande tukerekera ku Mana nkuru mu isengesho n’imitima yacu n’ubwenge bwacu kandi twicishije bugufi.

  1. Nyuma yo kuvuga Takibira agashyira ukuboko kwe kw’iburyo hejuru y’ikwi bumoso ku gituza cye ibyo akabikora buri gihe ahagurutse.
  2. Akavuga ubusabe bwo gufungura iswala kuko ari byiza agira ati (SUB’HANAKA ALLAHUMA WA BIHAM’DIKA WA TABARAKA IS’MUKA, WA TAALA JADUKA WA LA ILAHA GHAYIRUKA).
  3.  Akavuga ati (AUDHU BILAHI MINA SHAYITWANI RAJIMI) ibi nibyo kwikinga, bisobanuye ngo: Mpungiye kandi nihambiriye ku Mana ngo indinde ibibi bya Shitani.
  4. Akavuga ati (BISMI LAHI RAH’MANI RAHIMI) bisobanuye ngo: Ntangiye nishingikirije kandi nshaka umugisha ku izina ry’Imana.
  5. Agasoma Surat Al Fatihat, kandi Surat Al Fatihat ni isura ihambaye mu gitabo cy’Imana.
  • Imana yabwiye intumwa yayo inema yamuhaye mu kumanura iyi Surat igira iti “Kandi rwose (yewe Muhamadi) twaguhaye imirongo (ayat) irindwi (Surat Al Fatihat) isomwa kenshi, tunaguha Qur’an ihambaye” Surat Al Hijiri: 87. Ayat zirindwi ni Sutar Al Fatihat yiswe gutyo kubera ko iyi Surat ifite ayat zirindwi.
  • Ni ngombwa kuri buri Muyislamu kuyiga kuko kuyisoma ari imwe mu nkingi z’iswala ku muntu usenga wenyine cyangwa usengeshwa kandi Imamu ntabwo azamura ijwi mu gusoma.
  1. Ni itegeko nyuma yo gusoma Surat Al Fatihat cyangwa amaze kuyumviriza mu gisomo cya Imamu ko avuga ati (Amina) bisobanuye ngo: Mana Nyagasani twakirire.
  2. Umuntu agomba gusoma nyuma ya Surat Al Fatihat mu iraka ebyiri za mbere indi sura cyangwa ayat mu isura runaka, naho ku iraka ya gatatu n’iya kane asoma Surat Al Fatihat gusa.
    • Kandi gusoma Suratu Al Fatihat n’indi sura nyuma yayo bigomba kuba mu ijwi riranguruye ku iswala ya mugitondo no kuri Raka ebyiri za mbere za Magharib na Al Ishau, bikaba mu ibanga mu iswala ya Adhuhuri na Al Aswiri.
    • Naho ubundi busabe busanzwe bwo mu iswala buvugwa mu ibanga gusa.
  1.  Yarangiza agatora Takibira akajya ruku azamuye amaboko ye akayageza ku bitugu bye cyangwa se hejuru gato inda z’ibiganza bye zerekeye Qiblat nk’uko yabikoze kuri Takibira ya mbere.
  2. Akunama ahese umugongo we aherekeye Qiblat, kandi umugongo we n’umutwe we bikaba biringaniye, agashyira amaboko ye ku mavi ye, akavuga ati “SUB’HANA RABIYAL ADHIMI” kandi ni byiza gusubiramo ubwo busabe inshuro eshatu, ariko itegeko ni inshuro imwe, kandi Ruku ni ahantu ho gukuza Imana no kuyisingiza.
  • Igisobanuro cya “SUB’HANA RABIYAL ADHIMI” kiragira kiti: Ntagatifuje Imana ihambaye kanyi nyejejeho ibituzuye byose, mbivuze nunamye kandi nciye bugufi ku Mana Nyagasani.
  1. Akeguka akava Ruku agahagarara azamuye amaboko ye ahegera intugu ze inda zabyo zerekeye Qiblat nk’uko byavuzwe, akavuga ati (SAMIA LLAHUL LIMAN HAMIDAHU), yaba ari Imamu cyangwa usenga wenyine, maze bose bakavuga bati (RABANA WA LAKAL HAM’DU) ni byiza ko yarenzaho akavuga ati (…..HAM’DAN KATHIRA TWAYIBAN MUBARAKAN FIHI, MILIU SAMAI WA MILIUL ARUDWI WA MILIU MA SHIITA MIN SHAYII BAADA).
  1. Maze akamanuka akubama hasi atora Takibira, akubama ku bihumba birindwi aribyo: agahanga n’izuru, ibiganza bibiri, amavi abiri n’ibirenge bibiri, kandi ni byiza kuri we gutandukanya amaboko n’imbavu ze n’inda ntiyegere ibibero, ibibero bigatandukana n’amaguru mu gihe ari Sijida, kandi amaboko ye ntayarambike  hasi.
  2. Akavuga kuri Sujudu ati (SUB’HANA RABIYAL A’ALA), itegeko ni inshuro imwe, ariko ni byiza kubisubiramo gatatu. Kandi kuri Sijida ni ahantu hahambaye ho gusabira Imana, umuntu rero agomba gusaba ubusabe nyuma yo kuvuga ibyagenewe kuvuga kuri Sijida agasaba ibyiza yifuza byo ku isi no ku mperuka, intumwa Muhamadi (Imana imuhe amahoro n’imigisha) yaravuze ati “Ahantu umuntu aba ari hafi cyane ya Nyagasani we ni igihe ari muri Sijida, bityo mujye musaba cyane” Yakiriwe na Muslim: 482.
  • Igisobanuro cya (SUB’HANA RABIYAL A’ALA), ntagatifuje Imana isumba byose mu buhambare bwayo no mu igeno ryayo, usumba byose hejuru y’amajuru arenze ibituzuye byose n’inenge zose, harimo nanone gukebura uwubamye k’ubutaka kubera kwicisha bugufi no kwibombarika kugira ngo atekereze itandukaniro rye n’umuremyi we usumba byose agaca bugufi kuri Nyagasani we.
  1. Hanyuma agatora Takibira akicara hagati ya Sijida ebyiri, ni byiza ko yicarira ukuguru kwe kw’ibumoso, akarambura ukw’iburyo agashyira ibiganza bye ku ntangiriro y’ibibero bye ahegera amavi.
  • Kandi ibyicaro byose byo mu iswala ni byiza ko yicara muri ubwo buryo usibye gusa kuri Atahiyatu ya nyuma, ni byiza kuri yo kurambura ukuguru kw’iburyo nanone ariko ukuguru kw’ibumoso kugatunguka munsi y’ukw’iburyo ikibuno cye kicaye kubutaka.
  • Umuntu udashoboye kwicara mu iswala muri ubwo buryo kuri Atahiyatu ya mbere cyangwa iya kabiri, kubera kuribwa mu mavi cyangwa kubera ko atabimenyereye, yicara mu buryo butamugoye.
    1.  Igihe yicaye hagati ya Sijida ebyiri akavuga ati (RABI IGH’FIRILIY), ni byiza kubivuga inshuro eshatu.
    2. Hanyuma agakora Sijida ya kabiri nk’uko yakoze iya mbere.
  1. Hanyuma akubamuka akava Sijida ya kabiri agahaguruka avuga ati (ALLAHU AK’BAR).
  2. Agasenga Raka ya kabiri nk’uko yasenze iya mbere neza neza.
  3. Nyuma ya Sijida ye ya kabiri kuri Raka ya kabiri yicara kuri Atayihatu ya mbere akavuga ati (ATAHIYATU LILAHI WA SWALAWATU WA TWAYIBATU, ASALAMU ALAYIKA AYUHA NABIYU WA RAH’MATU LLAHI WA BARAKATUHU, ASALAMU ALAYINA WA ALA IBADI LAHI SWALIHINA, ASHIHADU AN LA ILAHA ILA LLAHU, WA ASH’HADU ANA MUHAMADA AB’DUHU WA RASULUHU).
  4. Hanyuka agahaguruka kugira ngo yuzuze iswala ye igihe ari iswala ya Raka eshatu cyangwa enye, usibye ko ku iraka ya gatatu n’iya kane, asoma Surat Al Fatihat gusa.
  • Naho iyo iswala ari Raka ebyiri gusa nka Al Fajir icyo gihe atora Atahiyatu ya nyuma nk’uko turi bubibone.
  1. Hanyuma ku iraka ya nyuma Sijida ya kabiri aricara kugira ngo atore Atahiyatu ya nyuma, kandi imiterere yayo ni nk’iya Tahiyatu ya mbere wongeyeho gusabira intumwa Muhamadi mu buryo bukurikira: (ALLAHUMA SWALI ALA MUHAMADI WA ALA ALI MUHAMADI KAMA SWALAYITA ALA IBRAHIMU WA ALA ALI IBRAHIMU WA BARIKI ALA MUHAMADI WA ALA ALI MUHAMADI KAMA BARAK’TA ALA IBRAHIMU WA ALA ALI IBRAHIMU, INAKA HAMIDUN MAJID).
  • Ni byiza ko nyuma yahoo yavuga ati (AWUDHU BILAHI MIN ADHABI JAHANAMA, WA MIN ADHABIL QABRI, WA MIN FITINATIL MAH’YA WAL MAMATI WA MIN FITINATIL MASIHI DAJALI) hanyuma agasaba ubundi busabe ashaka.
  1. Hanyuma agahindukira iburyo akavuga ati (ASALAM ALAYIKUM WA RAH’MATU LLAHI WA BARAKATUHU) yarangiza agahindukira ibumoso nk’uko nguko.
  • Umuntu amaze gutora Salamu aba arangije iswala ye, nk’uko intumwa Muhamadi yavuze agira ati “Igituma uri mu iswala aziririzwa kugira ikindi akora ni Takibira, n’ikimubohora ni Salamu” Yakiriwe na Abu Dauda:61. Na Tir’midhiy: 3. Kwinjira mu iswala biterwa na Takibira ya mbere no kuyivamo biterwa na Salamu.
  1. 24. Ni byiza ku muyislamu nyuma ya Salamu mu iswala y’itegeko ko avuga ati:
    1. (AS’TAGHAFIRU LLAH), inshuro eshatu.
    2. Akavuga ati (ALLAHUMA ANTA SALAMU WA MIN’KA SALAMU, TABARAK’TA YA DHAL JALALI WAL IKRAM), (ALLAHUMA LA MANIU LIMA A’ATWAYITA WALA MU’UTWIYA LIMA MANA’ATA WALA YAN’FAU DHAL JADI MIN’KAL JADU).
    3. Hanyuma akavuga ati (SUB’HANA LLAHI) inshuro 33. Na (AL HAM’DU LILAHI) inshuro 33. Na (ALLAHU AKBAR) inshuro 33, kugira ngo byuzure ijana akavuga ati (LA ILAHA ILA LLAHU WAH’DAHU LA SHARIKA LAHU, LAHUL MULKU WA LAHUL HAM’DU, WA HUWA ALA KULI SHAYIIN QADIR).

N’ibisobanuro bya Surat Al Fatihat ni ibi:

AL HAM’DU LILAHI RABIL ALAMINA: Ndasingiza Imana ibisingizo byose n’ibikorwa byayo n’inema zayo izigaragara n’izitagaragara biturutse ku rukundo n’ikuzo ryayo. Ijambo Rabu risobanuye umuremyi, umwami ndetse n’utanga inema, n’ijambo Al Alamina: ni buri kiremwa cyose kitari Imana Nyagasani byaba abantu n’amajini n’abamalayika n’inyamaswa n’ibindi.

ARAH’MANU RAHIMU: bisobanuye amazina abiri mu mazina y’Imana A Rah’manu: bisobanuye umunyempuhwe za rusange zikwiye buri kintu, A Rahimu: Ni usingizwa igisingizo cy’impuhwe zigera ku bagaragu bayo b’abemera.

MALIKI YAWUMI DINI: bisobanuye umwami uzaba utegeka ku munsi w’ibihembo n’ibarura, muri ibi harimo kwibutsa umuyislamu, umunsi w’imperuka no kumushishikariza gukora ibyiza.

IYAKA NA’ABUDU WA IYAKA NAS’TAINU: bisobanuye ngo twe ni wowe wenyine duharira amasengesho, ntawe tukubangikanya nawe mu kugushimira ndetse no mu isengesho iryo ariryo ryose, ni wowe wenyine dusaba inkunga mu byacu byose, ibintu byose biri mu kuboko kwawe nta numwe ubifiteho uruhare utari wowe.

IHIDINAA SWIRATWAL MIS’TAQIMA: bisobanuye ngo twereke kandi utuyobore unadufashe kugera ku inzira igororotse kandi tuyishikame ho kugeza igihe tuzahurira nawe, inzira igororotse ni idini ya Islamu isobanutse igeza umuntu ku kwishimirwa n’Imana ndetse no mu ijuru ryayo, twagejejweho n’intumwa yasozereje izindi ntumwa Muhamadi nta nzira umuntu yanyuramo ngo agere ku buzima bwiza usibye guhagarara neza muri iyi dini.

SWIRATWA LADHINA AN AMUTA ALAYIHIM: bisobanuye inzira y’abo wahaye inema yo kuyoboka no gutungana ku idini mu intumwa n’abahanuzi n’abantu beza babandi bamenye ukuri bakagukurikira.

GHAYIRIL MAGH’DWUBI ALAYIHIM WALA DWAALINA: bisobanuye ngo turinde kandi uturokore ntituzajye mu nzira y’abo warakariye kuko bamenye ukuri ntibagukoresha aribo abayahudi n’abandi bameze nkabo, kandi uturinde inzira y’abayobye aribo babandi batayobotse ukuri kubera ubujiji bwabo, aribo abakirisitu n’abameze nkabo.

Umuntu utarafashe ibi byose mu mutwe abigenza ate? Surat Al Fatihat n’amaduwa y’iswala.

Umuntu yinjiye idini mushya, utarafata mu mutwe Suratu Al Fatihat nandi maduwa yo mu iswala akora ibi bikurikira:

  • Agomba kugerageza gufata mu mutwe amaduwa y’itegeko mu iswala, kandi iswala ntiyakwakirwa atayavuze mu cyarabu, ariyo:
  • Surat Al Fatihat na Tak’bira, na Subuhana rabiyal adhimi, na Samia llahul man hamidahu, na Subuhana rabiyal a’ala, na rabi igh’firiliy, na Atahiyatu no gusabira intumwa Muhamadi na salamu.
  • Ni ngombwa ku muyislamu mu iswala ye mbere yuko arangiza gufata mu mutwe ko yajya asubiramo ibyo amaze kumenya nibura muri za Tas’bihi na Tahamid na Tak’birat igihe ari mu iswala cyangwa se akajya asubiramo ayat yabashije gufata mu mutwe igihe ahagaze, nk’uko Imana yabivuze igira iti “Mujye mutinya Imana uko mushoboye” Surat A Taghabun: 16.
  • Ni ngombwa muri icyo gihe kwibanda cyane ku iswala mu musigiti kugira ngo atunganye iswala ye kuko kandi Imana aheka bimwe mu bituzuye mu iswala y’uwo asalisha.